Annual Report 2019

ANNUAL REPORT 2019 年度報告 85 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 綜合財務報表附註 FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 2019 截至二零一九年十二月三十一日止年度 3. 主要會計政策 綜合財務報表已根據由香港會計師公會頒佈之 香港財務報告準則而編製。此外，綜合財務報 表載列聯交所證券上市規則及香港公司條例規 定之適用披露。 綜合財務報表於各報告期末按歷史成本基準 編製，詳情載於下文之會計政策。 歷史成本一般按交換貨品及服務代價之公平值 釐定。 公平值是指市場參與者之間在計量日進行的有 序交易中出售一項資產所收取的價格或轉移一 項負債所支付的價格，無論該價格是直接觀察 到的結果還是採用其他估值技術作出的估計。 在對資產或負債的公平值作出估計時，本集團 考慮了市場參與者在計量日為該資產或負債進 行定價時將會考慮的資產或負債特徵。在本綜 合財務報表中計量和╱或披露的公平值均在此 基礎上予以確定，但香港財務報告準則第 2 號 「以股份支付之支出」範圍內的以股份支付之支 出交易、根據香港財務報告準則第 16 號（自二零 一九年一月一日起）或香港會計準則第 17 號（於 應用香港財務報告準則第 16 號前）入賬的租賃 交易、以及與公平值類似但並非公平值的計量 （例如，香港會計準則第 2 號「存貨」中的可變現 淨值或香港會計準則第 36 號「資產減值」中的使 用價值）除外。 3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with HKFRSs issued by the HKICPA. In addition, the consolidated financial statements include applicable disclosures required by the Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on the Stock Exchange and by the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis at the end of each reporting period, as explained in the accounting policies set out below. Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Group takes into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Fair value for measurement and/or disclosure purposes in these consolidated financial statements is determined on such a basis, except for share-based payment transactions that are within the scope of HKFRS 2 “Share-based Payment”, leasing transactions that are accounted for in accordance with HKFRS 16 (since 1st January, 2019) or HKAS 17 (before application of HKFRS 16), and measurements that have some similarities to fair value but are not fair value, such as net realisable value in HKAS 2 “Inventories” or value in use in HKAS 36 “Impairment of Assets”.