Annual Report 2019

ANNUAL REPORT 2019 年度報告 99 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 綜合財務報表附註 FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 2019 截至二零一九年十二月三十一日止年度 3. 主要會計政策 （續） 金融工具 （續） 財務資產 （續） 財務資產減值 本集團根據香港財務報告準則第 9 號就發生減 值之財務資產（包括貿易應收款項、其他應收 款項及銀行結餘）根據預期信貸虧損（「預期信 貸虧損」）模型進行減值評估。預期信貸虧損的 金額於各報告日期更新，以反映自初始確認後 信貸風險的變化。 全期預期信貸虧損指將相關工具的預期使用期 內所有可能的違約事件產生之預期信貸虧損。 相反， 12 個月預期信貸虧損（「 12 個月預期信貸 虧損」）將預期於報告日期後 12 個月內可能發生 的違約事件導致之全期預期信貸虧損部分。 評估乃根據本集團過往的信貸虧損經驗進行， 並根據債務人特有的因素、一般經濟狀況以及 對報告日期當前狀況的評估以及對未來狀況的 預測作出調整。 本集團通常就貿易應收款項確認全期預期信貸 虧損。就有信貸減值的債務人而言，該等資產 的預期信貸減值，會個別作出評估，以及╱或 參考該等債務人的過往違約經驗及目前逾期情 況，根據共有的信貸風險特徵，使用合適組別 的撥備模式進行共同評估。 對於所有其他工具，本集團計量的虧損撥備等 於 12 個月預期信貸虧損，除非自初始確認後信 貸風險顯著增加，則本集團確認全期預期信貸 虧損。是否應確認全期預期信貸虧損的評估乃 基於自初始確認以來發生違約之可能性或風險 是否顯著增加。 3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) Financial instruments (Continued) Financial assets (Continued) Impairment of financial assets The Group performs impairment assessment under expected credit loss (“ECL”) model on financial assets which are subject to impairment under HKFRS 9 (including trade receivables, other receivables and bank balances). The amount of ECL is updated at each reporting date to reflect changes in credit risk since initial recognition. Lifetime ECL represents the ECL that will result from all possible default events over the expected life of the relevant instrument. In contrast, 12-month ECL (“12m ECL”) represents the portion of lifetime ECL that is expected to result from default events that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date. Assessment are done based on the Group’s historical credit loss experience, adjusted for factors that are specific to the debtors, general economic conditions and an assessment of both the current conditions at the reporting date as well as the forecast of future conditions. The Group always recognises lifetime ECL for trade receivables. The ECL on these assets are assessed individually for debtors that are credit-impaired and/ or collectively using a provision matrix with appropriate groupings based on share credit risk characteristics by reference to past default experience and current past due status of the debtors. For all other instruments, the Group measures the loss allowance equal to 12m ECL, unless when there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, the Group recognises lifetime ECL. The assessment of whether lifetime ECL should be recognised is based on significant increases in the likelihood or risk of a default occurring since initial recognition.